## RISC Reports Series

[Paule]

### An algorithm to prove holonomic differential equations for modular forms

Submitted to the RISC Report Series. May 2020.
@techreport{RISC6109,
author = {Peter Paule and Cristian-Silviu Radu},
title = {{An algorithm to prove holonomic differential equations for modular forms}},
language = {english},
abstract = {Express a modular form $g$ of positive weight locally in terms of a modular function $h$ as$y(h)$, say. Then $y(h)$ as a function in $h$ satisfiesa holonomic differential equation; i.e., one which islinear with coefficients being polynomials in $h$.This fact traces back to Gau{\ss} and has beenpopularized prominently by Zagier. Using holonomicprocedures, computationally it is often straightforwardto derive such differential equations as conjectures.In the spirit of the first guess, then prove'' paradigm,we present a new algorithm to prove such conjectures.},
year = {2020},
month = {May},
keywords = {modular functions, modular forms, holonomic differential equations, holonomic functions and sequences, Fricke-Klein relations, $q$-series, partition congruences},
length = {48},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Kutsia]

### Unification modulo alpha-equivalence in a mathematical assistant system

#### Temur Kutsia

Technical report no. 20-01 in RISC Report Series, Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria. 2020. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC6074,
author = {Temur Kutsia},
title = {{Unification modulo alpha-equivalence in a mathematical assistant system}},
language = {english},
number = {20-01},
year = {2020},
length = {21},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Cerna]

### Unital Anti-Unification: Type and Algorithms

#### David M. Cerna , Temur Kutsia

Technical report no. 20-02 in RISC Report Series, Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria. RISC Report, Febrary 2020. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC6080,
author = {David M. Cerna and Temur Kutsia},
title = {{Unital Anti-Unification: Type and Algorithms}},
language = {english},
abstract = {Unital equational theories are defined by axioms that assert the existence of the unit element for some function symbols. We study anti-unification (AU) in unital theories and address the problems of establishing generalization type and designing anti-unification algorithms. First, we prove that when the term signature contains at least two unital functions, anti-unification is of the nullary type by showing that there exists an AU problem, which does not have a minimal complete set of generalizations. Next, we consider two special cases: the linear variant and the fragment with only one unital symbol, and design AU algorithms for them. The algorithms are terminating, sound, complete and return tree grammars from which set of generalizations can be constructed. Anti-unification for both special cases is finitary. Further, the algorithm for the one-unital fragment is extended to the unrestricted case. It terminates and returns a tree grammar which produces an infinite set of generalizations. At the end, we discuss how the nullary type of unital anti-unification might affect the anti-unification problem in some combined theories, and list some open questions. },
number = {20-02},
year = {2020},
month = {Febrary},
howpublished = {RISC Report},
keywords = {Anti-unification, tree grammars, unital theories, collapse theories},
length = {19},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Dramnesc]

### Implementation of Deletion Algorithms on Lists and Binary Trees in Theorema

#### Isabela Dramnesc, Tudor Jebelean

Technical report no. 20-04 in RISC Report Series, Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria. April 2020. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC6094,
author = {Isabela Dramnesc and Tudor Jebelean},
title = {{Implementation of Deletion Algorithms on Lists and Binary Trees in Theorema}},
language = {english},
number = {20-04},
year = {2020},
month = {April},
length = {25},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Paule]

### An algorithm to prove holonomic differential equations for modular forms

Technical report no. 20-05 in RISC Report Series, Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria. May 2020. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC6108,
author = {Peter Paule and Cristian-Silviu Radu},
title = {{An algorithm to prove holonomic differential equations for modular forms}},
language = {english},
abstract = {Express a modular form $g$ of positive weight locally in terms of a modular function $h$ as$y(h)$, say. Then $y(h)$ as a function in $h$ satisfiesa holonomic differential equation; i.e., one which islinear with coefficients being polynomials in $h$.This fact traces back to Gau{\ss} and has beenpopularized prominently by Zagier. Using holonomicprocedures, computationally it is often straightforwardto derive such differential equations as conjectures.In the spirit of the first guess, then prove'' paradigm,we present a new algorithm to prove such conjectures.},
number = {20-05},
year = {2020},
month = {May},
keywords = {modular functions, modular forms, holonomic differential equations, holonomic functions and sequences, Fricke-Klein relations, $q$-series, partition congruences},
length = {48},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Goswami]

### On sums of coefficients of polynomials related to the Borwein conjectures

#### Ankush Goswami, Venkata Raghu Tej Pantangi

Technical report no. 20-07 in RISC Report Series, Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria. May 2020. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC6113,
author = {Ankush Goswami and Venkata Raghu Tej Pantangi},
title = {{On sums of coefficients of polynomials related to the Borwein conjectures}},
language = {english},
abstract = {Recently, Li (Int. J. Number Theory 2020) obtained an asymptotic formula for a certain partial sum involving coefficients for the polynomial in the First Borwein conjecture. As a consequence, he showed the positivity of this sum. His result was based on a sieving principle discovered by himself and Wan (Sci. China. Math. 2010). In fact, Li points out in his paper that his method can be generalized to prove an asymptotic formula for a general partial sum involving coefficients for any prime $p>3$. In this work, we extend Li's method to obtain asymptotic formula for several partial sums of coefficients of a very general polynomial. We find that in the special cases $p=3, 5$, the signs of these sums are consistent with the three famous Borwein conjectures. Similar sums have been studied earlier by Zaharescu (Ramanujan J. 2006) using a completely different method. We also improve on the error terms in the asymptotic formula for Li and Zaharescu. Using a recent result of Borwein (JNT 1993), we also obtain an asymptotic estimate for the maximum of the absolute value of these coefficients for primes $p=2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13$ and for $p>15$, we obtain a lower bound on the maximum absolute value of these coefficients for sufficiently large $n$.},
number = {20-07},
year = {2020},
month = {May},
length = {13},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Goswami]

### Some formulae for coefficients in restricted $q$-products

#### Ankush Goswami, Venkata Raghu Tej Pantangi

Technical report no. 20-08 in RISC Report Series, Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria. May 2020. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC6114,
author = {Ankush Goswami and Venkata Raghu Tej Pantangi},
title = {{Some formulae for coefficients in restricted $q$-products}},
language = {english},
abstract = {In this paper, we derive some formulae involving coefficients of polynomials which occur quite naturally in the study of restricted partitions. Our method involves a recently discovered sieve technique by Li and Wan (Sci. China. Math. 2010). Based on this method, by considering cyclic groups of different orders we obtain some new results for these coefficients. The general result (see Theorem \ref{main00}) holds for any group of the form $\mathbb{Z}_{N}$ where $N\in\mathbb{N}$ and expresses certain partial sums of coefficients in terms of expressions involving roots of unity. By specializing $N$ to different values, we see that these expressions simplify in some cases and we obtain several nice identities involving these coefficients. We also use a result of Sudler (Quarterly J. Math. 1964) to obtain an asymptotic formula for the maximum absolute value of these coefficients.},
number = {20-08},
year = {2020},
month = {May},
length = {11},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Goswami]

### Congruences for generalized Fishburn numbers at roots of unity

#### Ankush Goswami

Technical report no. 20-09 in RISC Report Series, Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria. 2020. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC6119,
author = {Ankush Goswami},
title = {{Congruences for generalized Fishburn numbers at roots of unity}},
language = {english},
abstract = {There has been significant recent interest in the arithmeticproperties of the coefficients of $F(1-q)$ and $\mathcal{F}_t(1-q)$where $F(q)$ is the Kontsevich-Zagier strange series and $\mathcal{F}_t(q)$ is the strange series associated to a family of torus knots as studied by Bijaoui, Boden, Myers, Osburn, Rushworth, Tronsgardand Zhou. In this paper, we prove prime power congruences for two families of generalized Fishburn numbers, namely, for the coefficients of $(\zeta_N - q)^s F((\zeta_N - q)^r)$ and $(\zeta_N - q)^s \mathcal{F}_t((\zeta_N -q)^r)$, where $\zeta_N$ is an $N$th root of unity and $r$, $s$ are certain integers.},
number = {20-09},
year = {2020},
length = {17},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Kutsia]

### Proceedings of The 34th International Workshop on Unification, UNIF 2020

#### Temur Kutsia and Andrew M. Marshall (Editors)

Technical report no. 20-10 in RISC Report Series, Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria. 2020. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC6129,
author = {Temur Kutsia and Andrew M. Marshall (Editors)},
title = {{Proceedings of The 34th International Workshop on Unification, UNIF 2020}},
language = {english},
number = {20-10},
year = {2020},
length = {82},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Mitteramskogler]

### A comparison of methods for computing rational general solutions of algebraic ODEs

#### Johann J. Mitteramskogler, Franz Winkler

Technical report no. 20-11 in RISC Report Series, Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria. 2020. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC6135,
author = {Johann J. Mitteramskogler and Franz Winkler},
title = {{A comparison of methods for computing rational general solutions of algebraic ODEs}},
language = {english},
number = {20-11},
year = {2020},
length = {21},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[STUDENT]

### Modelling and Solving a Scheduling Problem by Max-Flow

#### Moritz Willnauer

Technical report no. 20-12 in RISC Report Series, Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria. March 2020. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC6193,
author = {Moritz Willnauer},
title = {{Modelling and Solving a Scheduling Problem by Max-Flow}},
language = {english},
abstract = {This thesis shows how to specify and solve a specific scheduling problem of workgroups and loading orders. The sections on graph theory and network flows give support to understand the necessary definitions for modelling the scheduling problem as a network problem. For solving the resulting Max-Flow-Problem three different algorithms are presented. Two of them were implemented and tested with Mathematica to analyze their performance. To do this an auxiliary algorithm for finding a shortest path for the modelled network of a scheduling problem was developed. Finally, a pretty complex problem was solved by using Mathematica.},
number = {20-12},
year = {2020},
month = {March},
length = {51},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Falkensteiner]

### Power Series Solutions of AODEs - Existence, Uniqueness, Convergence and Computation

#### S. Falkensteiner

Technical report no. 20-13 in RISC Report Series, Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria. June 2020. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC6202,
author = {S. Falkensteiner},
title = {{Power Series Solutions of AODEs - Existence, Uniqueness, Convergence and Computation}},
language = {english},
number = {20-13},
year = {2020},
month = {June},
annote = {PhD Thesis},
length = {146},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Paule]

### Holonomic Relations for Modular Functions and Forms: First Guess, then Prove

Technical report no. 20-14 in RISC Report Series, Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria. 2020. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC6081,
author = {Peter Paule and Silviu Radu},
title = {{Holonomic Relations for Modular Functions and Forms: First Guess, then Prove}},
language = {english},
number = {20-14},
year = {2020},
length = {46},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}

[Cerna]

### Evaluation of the VL Logic (342.208-9) 2018W End of Semester Questionnaire

#### David M. Cerna

Submitted to the RISC Report Series. Feburary 2019. [pdf] [xlsx]
@techreport{RISC5885,
author = {David M. Cerna},
title = {{Evaluation of the VL Logic (342.208-9) 2018W End of Semester Questionnaire}},
language = {english},
abstract = {In this technical report we cover the choice of layout and intentions behind our end of the semester questionnaire as well as our interpretation of student answers, resulting statistical analysis, and inferences. Our questionnaire is to some extent free-form in that we provide instructions concerning the desired content of the answers but leave the precise formulation of the answer to the student. Our goal, through this approach, was to gain an understanding of how the students viewed there own progress and interest in the course without explicitly guiding them. Towards this end, we chose to have the students draw curves supplemented by short descriptions of important features. We end with a discussion of the benefits and downsides of such a questionnaire as well as what the results entail concerning future iterations of the course. },
year = {2019},
month = {Feburary},
length = {17},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Cerna]

### The Castle Game

#### David M. Cerna

Submitted to the RISC Report Series. 2019. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC5886,
author = {David M. Cerna},
title = {{The Castle Game}},
language = {english},
abstract = {A description of a game for teaching certain aspects of first-order logic based on the Drink's Paradox. },
year = {2019},
length = {3},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Cerna]

### Manual for AXolotl

#### David M. Cerna

Submitted to the RISC Report Series. 2019. [pdf] [zip] [jar]
@techreport{RISC5887,
author = {David M. Cerna},
title = {{Manual for AXolotl}},
language = {english},
abstract = {In this document we outline how to play our preliminary version of \textbf{AX}olotl. We present a sequence of graphics illustrating the step by step process of playing the game. },
year = {2019},
length = {9},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Cerna]

### Higher-Order Pattern Generalization Modulo Equational Theories

#### David M. Cerna and Temur Kutsia

Submitted to the RISC Report Series. 2019. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC5918,
author = {David M. Cerna and Temur Kutsia},
title = {{Higher-Order Pattern Generalization Modulo Equational Theories}},
language = {english},
abstract = {In this paper we address Three problems related to unital anti-unification. First, we develop a generalalgorithm based on a tree grammar representation of the set of computed generalizations. Secondlywe show that restricting the algorithm to computing linear generalizations only or to term signaturescontaining a single unital function results in a procedure which is minimal complete and Finitary.Thirdly, we show that when the term signature contains two unital functions, unital anti-unification isNullary.The algorithm does not depend on the number of idempotent function symbols in the input terms. Thelanguage generated by the grammar is the minimal complete set of generalizations of the givenanti-unification problem, which implies that idempotent anti-unification is infinitary.},
year = {2019},
length = {40},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Cerna]

### AXolotl: A Self-study Tool for First-order Logic

#### David Cerna

Submitted to the RISC Report Series. May 2019. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC5936,
author = {David Cerna},
title = {{AXolotl: A Self-study Tool for First-order Logic}},
language = {english},
year = {2019},
month = {May},
length = {4},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Cerna]

### On the Complexity of Unsatisfiable Primitive Recursively defined $\Sigma_1$-Sentences

#### David M. Cerna

Submitted to the RISC Report Series. 2019. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC5981,
author = {David M. Cerna},
title = {{On the Complexity of Unsatisfiable Primitive Recursively defined $\Sigma_1$-Sentences}},
language = {english},
abstract = {We introduce a measure of complexity based on formula occurrence within instance proofs of an inductive statement. Our measure is closely related to {\em Herbrand Sequent length}, but instead of capturing the number of necessary term instantiations, it captures the finite representational difficulty of a recursive sequence of proofs. We restrict ourselves to a class of unsatisfiable primitive recursively defined negation normal form first-order sentences, referred to as {\em abstract sentences}, which capture many problems of interest; for example, variants of the {\em infinitary pigeonhole principle}. This class of sentences has been particularly useful for inductive formal proof analysis and proof transformation. Together our complexity measure and abstract sentences allow use to capture a notion of {\em tractability} for state-of-the-art approaches to inductive theorem proving, in particular {\em loop discovery} and {\em tree grammar} based inductive theorem provers. We provide a complexity analysis of an important abstract sentence, and discuss the analysis of a few related sentences, based on the infinitary pigeonhole principle which we conjecture represent the upper limits of tractability and foundation of intractability with respect to the current approaches.},
year = {2019},
length = {17},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}
[Cerna]

### A Mobile Application for Self-Guided Study of Formal Reasoning

#### David M. Cerna and Rafael Kiesel and Alexandra Dzhiganskaya

Submitted to the RISC Report Series. October 2019. [pdf]
@techreport{RISC5991,
author = {David M. Cerna and Rafael Kiesel and Alexandra Dzhiganskaya},
title = {{A Mobile Application for Self-Guided Study of Formal Reasoning}},
language = {english},
abstract = {In this work we introduce AXolotl, a self-study aid designed to guide students through the basics offormal reasoning and term manipulation. Unlike most of the existing study aids for formal reasoning,AXolotl is an Android-based application with a simple touch-based interface. Part of the design goalwas to minimize the possibility of user errors which distract from the learning process. Such as typosor inconsistent application of the provided rules. The system includes a zoomable proof viewer whichdisplays the progress made so far and allows for storage of the completed proofs as a JPEG or L A TEXfile. The software is available on the google play store and comes with a small library of problems.Additional problems may be opened in AXolotl using a simple input language. Currently, AXolotlsupports problems which can be solved using rules which transform a single expression into a set ofexpressions. This covers educational scenarios found in our first semester introduction to logic courseand helps bridge the gap between propositional and first-order reasoning. Future developments willinclude rewrite rules which take a set of expressions and return a set of expressions, as well as aquantified first-order extension.},
year = {2019},
month = {October},
length = {18},
type = {RISC Report Series},
institution = {Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC), Johannes Kepler University Linz},
address = {Schloss Hagenberg, 4232 Hagenberg, Austria}
}